In order to operate effectively, NATO must be ready to neutralize threats below the waterline. Exercise Dynamic Manta 2019, held off the coast of Italy, this past March, gave the Alliance a chance to hone its anti-submarine warfare skills. Dynamic Manta 2019 drew together units and more than 3,000 sailors and airmen from 10 Allied countries (Canada, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Turkey, the United Kingdom and the United States) in the central Mediterranean Sea to simulate the hunt for undersea adversaries. In order to succeed, NATO forces had to use a combination of sea-based, airborne and submarine assets to find and neutralize threats.